Knowing when your child is overweight

Parents in denial over child weight problems

More than four in 10 parents with underweight and overweight children mistakenly believe their children are in the average weight range, according to Australian research.

The study also finds that different methods of assessing children’s weight – such as BMI (body mass index, a relation of weight to height) or waist circumference – result in different rates of children being identified as overweight or underweight. According to BMI, more children were classified as overweight, than compared to waist circumference.

The study, by University of Melbourne doctoral researcher Dr Pene Schmidt, reveals that children who are not in the average weight range are also more likely to over or underestimate their body size. It also finds a small number of parents believe their underweight children are overweight or that their overweight children are underweight.

Dr Schmidt says the research points to a need to overhaul the ways in which children’s weight is classified and provide better information to parents about appropriate weight at both ends of the spectrum. “Parents are unlikely to take the necessary preventative actions if the perception of their child's weight – whether underweight or overweight – is incorrect,” she says.

The study analyzed data from a survey of more than 2100 children, age 4-12 years, and their parents. While previous research has examined parental perceptions of overweight children, the new study is believed to be the first to also examine attitudes toward underweight children using both BMI and WC. Dr Schmidt compared objective measures of children’s weight – such as BMI and waist circumference – with subjective perceptions of whether parents and children thought they were overweight, average weight or underweight. She found that:

• More than 43% of parents considered their underweight children to be of average weight.
• 49% of parents of overweight children incorrectly believed their child was average weight.
• More than eight out of 10 parents correctly identified average weight children as being average weight.
• A very small percentage of parents assessed underweight children as being overweight (1.4%) and overweight children as being overweight (2.5%).
• Parents were more likely to report that their sons were underweight and that their girls were overweight.
• Parents were less likely to accurately identify that their child was underweight.
• Parents of boys were less likely to accurately identify their child as being overweight.
• Twice as many parents expressed concern about their child being overweight compared to underweight.
• Only four out of 10 underweight girls and half of underweight boys correctly assessed their weight.
  

  
  Dr Schmidt says the study shows that parents and children are struggling to determine whether they’re the correct weight and adds that this suggests that more research is needed to determine how to best define children’s weight status – and how to communicate this to children and parents. “This study also suggests a strong social bias among both parents and children towards thinness,” she adds. “While public health campaigns are directed towards the prevention of obesity, it’s also important that the messages are getting through to the right groups. In particular we need to make sure that the focus on reducing the number of overweight children does not have the adverse impact of increasing the number of underweight children.”

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